V-NISSG · BKF

Haut & Pigmentierung

Specialisation in the treatment of pigmentation disorders – pigmentation correction and removal with laser and IPL.

About this module

Pigmentation changes are among the most common cosmetic concerns – and at the same time one of the most demanding treatment areas. An overly aggressive approach can intensify pigmentation rather than reduce it. This module provides the necessary knowledge to differentiate between pigmentation types, select appropriate treatment parameters and safely minimise treatment risks (in particular post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation).

Learning objectives

  • Differentiate between various pigmentation types (melasma, lentigo, ephelides)
  • Select suitable laser types and wavelengths for pigmentation treatment
  • Understand and avoid post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)
  • Communicate treatment intervals and sun protection requirements
  • Recognise the limits of cosmetic treatment (referral to dermatology)
  • Keep a complete treatment record

Course content

1Pigmentation biology

  • Melanogenesis: how pigment is formed
  • Melanocytes and keratinocytes
  • UV radiation as the main trigger
  • Epidermal vs. dermal pigmentation
  • Fitzpatrick scale and pigmentation risk

2Pigmentation types and diagnosis

  • Ephelides (freckles): benign, flat, treatable
  • Lentigo solaris (age spots): dermal component
  • Melasma: hormonal, difficult to treat
  • Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)
  • Naevi and pigmented lesions: differentiation and referral

3Treatment technologies

  • Q-switched Nd:YAG (532 nm / 1064 nm): gold standard
  • Alexandrite and ruby laser for ephelides
  • IPL with short-wave filter (510–560 nm)
  • Fractional laser for diffuse pigmentation
  • Picosecond laser: advantages and disadvantages

4Risks and special considerations

  • PIH risk: when and why it occurs
  • Sun protection before and after treatment
  • Summer treatments: why only limited
  • Melasma: particular caution, limited results
  • Reactions to foreign pigment (tattoo pigment nearby)

5Treatment protocol and documentation

  • Photo documentation under standard light
  • Patch test and waiting period before first treatment
  • Treatment series and follow-up appointments
  • Consent form with information about PIH risk
  • Case studies and practical exercises